第20章 影子 The Shadow，（1/2）

《影子》，1847 年

the Shadow, 1847

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安徒生 1846 年在那不勒斯时写了《影子》的大部分内容。

Andersen wrote uch of “the Shadow”1846 when he wasNaples.

在 6 月 8 日的一篇日记中，他抱怨道：“天气酷热难耐。我几乎不敢出门。”

In a diary entry of June 8, he ped: “the heat is p down. I hardly dare go outside.”

第二天，他宣称：“晚上，我开始写我的影子的故事。”

the follog day, he announced: “In the eveng, began writg the story of y shadow.”

注意所有格代词的使用，安徒生将自己塑造成来自 “寒冷地区” 的 “有学问的人”，这样《影子》就成了作者本人的一种反映 —— 或者说影子。

he e of the possessive pronoun, with Andersen cast as the “learned an” fro “ld nds” so that “the Shadow” bees a refle—or shadow—of its author.

这个故事标志着安徒生文学创作的一个真正转折点，因为它确立了他作为一个作品充满艺术与存在危机主题的作家的地位。

the tale arks a real turng potAndersen’s literary produ, for it establishes hi as an author whose work is aniated by the the of artistid existential crisis.

像他同时代的英国、欧洲和美国的作家一样，他对替身、影子、肖像和雕像着迷，在其中找到了探索分裂自我的隐喻。

Like his british, European, and Ari poraries, he beca fasated with doubles, shadows, portraits, and statues, fdgthe taphors for expl the divided self.

自主的影子出现在许多 19 世纪的文学作品中，最着名的是阿德尔伯特?沙米索的《彼得?施莱米尔的奇妙故事》（1814 年），该书出版后不久就被译成多种语言。

the autonoo shadopearedah - tury literary works, ost notably Adelbert chaisso’s the arvelo Story of peter Schleihl (1814), which was trao any nguages shortly after its publication.

1831 年安徒生到柏林旅行时遇到了沙米索，并在自传中提到他在这位有法国血统的普鲁士诗人身上找到了一位 “终生” 的朋友。

Anderse chaisso wheraveled to berl1831 and notedhis autobiography that he had foundthe prsia of French dest a “life - long” friend.

安徒生通过将影子变成故事中的邪恶力量深化了沙米索的故事，暗示真正的威胁力量来自内部。

Andersen deepens chaisso’s story by turng the shadow to the sister force of the tale, suggestg that truly nag forces erge fro with.

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在气候非常炎热、太阳热力很强的地方，人们通常像桃花心木一样黑褐色；在最热的国家里，人们是黑人，有着黑色的皮肤。

In very hot cliates, where the heat of the sun has great power, people are ually as brown as ahogany; and itest tries they are negroes, with bck sks.

一位有学问的人曾经从寒冷的北方地区到这些炎热的气候地区之一旅行，他原以为可以像在自己家乡一样四处漫游；但他很快就不得不改变想法了。

A learned an oravelled to one of these war cliates, fro the s of the north, and thought he would roa about as he did at ho; but he soon had to ge his opion.

他发现，像所有明智的人一样，他必须整天待在屋子里，把每扇门窗都关上，这样一来屋子里看起来就好像所有人都在睡觉或者外出了。

he found that, like all sensible people, he t reathe hoe durg the whole day, with every dow and door closed, so that it looked as if allthe hoe were asleep or absent.

他所住的狭窄街道上的房屋非常高大，从早到晚阳光都照射在房屋上，热得让人难以忍受。

the hoes of the narrow streetwhich he lived were so lofty that the sun shone upon the frotill eveng, and it beca quite unbearable.

这位来自寒冷地区的有学问的人既年轻又聪明；但他感觉自己就好像坐在烤炉里一样，变得非常疲惫虚弱，而且变得很瘦，以至于他的影子都萎缩了，变得比在家乡时小了很多。

this learned an fro the s was young as well as clever; but it seed to hi as if he were sittgan oven, and he beca quite exhated and weak, and grew so th that his shadow shrivelled up, and beca uch saller than it had been at ho.

太阳甚至把剩下的影子也带走了，直到傍晚日落之后他才又看到影子。

the sun took away even what was left of it, and he saw nothg of it till the eveng, after su.

房间里一有了灯光，看到影子在墙上伸展开来，甚至伸展到天花板那么高，真的是一件很愉快的事；它真的需要好好伸展一下来恢复力量。

It was really a pleasure, as soon as the lights were brought to the roo, to see the shadow stretch itself agast the wall, even to the ceilg, so tall was it; and it really wanted a good stretch to rever its strength.

这位有学问的人有时也会到阳台上去伸展一下身体；当星星在晴朗美丽的天空中出现时，他就感觉精神振作了。

the learned an would sotis go out to the baly to stretch hiself also; and as soon as the stars ca forththe clear, beautiful sky, he felt revived.

这个时候，街上所有的阳台上都开始有人出现；因为在炎热的气候里，每家的窗户都带有阳台，在那里他们可以呼吸夜晚清新的空气，这对即使是习惯了炎热、热得像桃花心木一样黑褐色的人来说也是非常必要的；于是街道呈现出一片非常热闹的景象。

people at this han to ake their appearan all the balies ireet; forwar cliates every dow has a baly,which theybreathe the fresh eveng air, which is very necessary, even to those who are ed to a heat that akes the as brown as ahogany; so that the street presented a very lively appearance.

这里有鞋匠、裁缝，还有各种各样的人坐在那里。

here were shoeakers, and tailors, and all sorts of people sittg.

在歌，非常快活。

Ireet beh, they brought out tables and chairs, lighted dles by hundreds, talked and sang, and were very rry.

有人在散步，有马车在行驶，骡子挂着铃铛小跑着，“叮当，叮当” 地响着。

there were people walkg, carriages drivg, and ules trottg along, with their bells on the harness, “tigle,” as they went.

然后，伴随着庄严的音乐声和教堂的钟声，死者被送往墓地。

then the dead were carried to the grave with the sound of solen id the tollg of the church bells.

街道上确实是一幅多姿多彩的生活场景。

It was deed a se of varied life ireet.

只有对面那座房子，也就是那位外国学者所住房子的对面那座，与这一切形成了鲜明的对比，因为那里十分寂静；然而有人住在那里，因为阳台上摆放着鲜花，在炎热的阳光下盛开得很美丽；而这除非是有人精心浇水是不可能的。

one hoe only, which was jt opposite to the onewhich the fn learned an lived, ford a trast to all this, for it was quite still; a sobody dwelt there, for flowers stoodthe baly, blooiifully i sun; and this uld not have been uhey had been watered carefully.

所以一定有人在房子里做这件事。

therefore so o bethe hoe to do this.

通往阳台的门在晚上半开着；虽然前面的房间里一片漆黑，但可以听到从房子内部传来的音乐声。

the doors leadg to the baly were half opehe eveng; and althoughthe front roo all was dark, ic uld be heard fro the terior of the hoe.

这位外国学者觉得这音乐非常悦耳；但也许是他的幻想；因为在这些炎热的国家里，除了太阳的炎热之外，一切都让他感到愉悦。

the fn learned an sidered this ieptg the heat of the sun.

外国房东说他不知道是谁租了对面的房子 —— 在那里看不到任何人；至于那音乐，他觉得那似乎非常乏味，对他来说极其乏味。

the fn ndlord said he did not know who had taken the opposite hoe — nobody was to be seen there; and as to the ic, he thought it seed very tedio, to hi ost unonly so.

“就好像有人在练习一首他弹不好的曲子；总是同一首曲子。

“It is jt as if so one ractisg a piece that he uld not a is always the sa piece.

我想，他以为自己最终能够弹好；但我不这么认为，不管他弹多久。”

he thks, I suppose, that he will be able to a at st; but I do not thk so, however long he ay py it.”

有一次，这个外国人在夜里醒来。

ohe fner wokethe night.

他睡觉时通往阳台的门是开着的；风吹起了门前的窗帘，对面房子的阳台上出现了一片奇妙的亮光。

he slept with the door open which led to the baly; the d had raised the curta before it, and there appeared a wonderful brightness over allthe baly of the opposite hoe.

那些花看起来就像色彩最艳丽的火焰，花丛中站着一位美丽苗条的少女。

the flowers seed like fs of the ost geo lors, and aong the flowers stood a beautiful slender aiden.

对他来说，仿佛有光从她身上射出来，刺得他眼睛发花；但那时他刚从睡梦中醒来，刚刚睁开眼睛。

It was to hi as if light stread fro her, and dazzled his eyes; but then he had only jt opehe, as he awoke fro his sleep.

他一跃而起下了床，然后轻轻地爬到窗帘后面。

with one sprg he was out of bed, and crept softly behd the curta.

但是她不见了 —— 亮光消失了；那些花不再像火焰了，尽管仍然和以前一样美丽。

but she was gohe brightness had disappeared; the flowers no longer appeared like fs, although still as beautiful as ever.

门半掩着，从里面的一个房间传来如此甜美、如此动听的音乐，它引发了最迷人的思绪，并且以神奇的力量触动着感官。

the door stood ajar, and fro an ner roo sounded ic so sweet and so lovely, that it produced the ost entg thoughts, and acted on the senses with agic power.

谁能住在那里呢？真正的入口在哪里呢？

who uld live there? where was the real entrance?

因为，无论是在街上还是在街边的小巷里，整个底层都是店铺相连；人们不可能总是从店铺里穿行。

for, both ireet andthethe side, the whole ground floor was a tuation of shops; and people uld not always be passg through the.

一天晚上，这个外国人坐在阳台上。他自己房间里有一盏灯亮着，就在他身后。

one eveng the fner satthe baly. A light was burnghis own roo, jt behd hi.

因此，他的影子投射到对面房子的墙上是很自然的；所以，当他坐在自己阳台的花丛中时，他一动，影子也跟着动。

It was quite natural, therefore, that his shadow should fall on the wall of the opposite hoe; so that, as he sat aongst the flowers on his baly, when he oved, his shadow oved also.

“我想我的影子是对面能看到的唯一有生命的东西了，” 学者说；“看它坐在花丛中多惬意啊。

“I thk y shadow is the only livg thg to be seen opposite,” said the learned an; “see how pleasantly it sits aong the flowers.

门只是半掩着；影子应该足够聪明，能够走进去四处看看，然后再回来告诉我它看到了什么。

the door is only ajar; the shadow ought to be clever enough to stepand look about hi, and then to e bad tellwhat he has seen.

你可以这样发挥作用，” 他开玩笑地说；“劳驾现在就进去，好吗？”

“You uld ake yourself efulthis way,” said he, jokgly; “be so good as to stepnow, will you?”

然后他向影子点了点头，影子也回点了点头。

and thehe shadow, and the shadow nodded iurn.

“现在去吧，但别一去不回。”

“Now go, but don’t stay away altogether.”

然后这个外国人站了起来，对面阳台上的影子也站了起来；外国人转身，影子也转身；要是有人看到的话，他们可能会看到，当学者回到自己房间并放下窗帘时，影子径直走进了对面阳台半掩着的门。

then the food up, and the shadow on the opposite baly stood up also; the furned round, the shadow turned; and if any one had observed, they ight have seen it ght to the half - opened door of the opposite baly, as the learned an re - entered his own roo, ahe curta fall.

第二天早晨，他出去喝咖啡、看报纸。

thehe went out to take his ffee ahe neers.

“怎么回事？”他站在阳光下惊叫道。

“how is this?” he excid, as he stoodthe sunshe.

“我把我的影子弄丢了。所以它昨天晚上真的走了，而且还没有回来。这很让人恼火。”

“I have lost y shadow. So it really did go away yesterday eveng, and it has not returhis is very annoyg.”

这确实让他烦恼，倒不是因为影子不见了，而是因为他知道有一个关于没有影子的人的故事。

And it certaly did vex hi, not so uch becae the shadow was gone, but becae he khere was a story of a an without a shadow.

他家乡的所有人都知道这个故事；等他回去讲述自己的经历时，他们会说这只是模仿；而他可不想被人这么说。

All the people at ho,his try, khis story; and wheurned, aed his own advehey would say it was only an iitation; and he had no desire for such thgs to be said of hi.

所以他决定完全不提这件事，这是个非常明智的决定。

So he decided not to speak of it at all, which was a very sensible deteration.

晚上他又来到阳台，小心地把灯放在身后；因为他知道影子总是需要它的主人做遮挡物；但是他没法把影子引出来。

In the eveng he went out aga on his baly, takg care to pce the light behd hi; for he knows that a shadow always wants his aster for a s; but he uld ice hi out.

他把身子缩小，又把身子伸长；但是没有影子，影子也没有出现。

he ade hiself little, and he ade hiself tall; but there was no shadow, and no shadow ca.

他说：“哼，哼；” 但这都没有用。

he said, “he, a - he;” but it was all eless.

这很让人生气；但是在炎热的国家里，万物生长得都很快；一个星期过去了，当他在阳光下行走时，他非常高兴地看到从他的脚边又长出了一个新影子；所以根肯定还在。

that was very vexatio; butwar tries everythg grows very quickly; and, after a week had passed, he saw, to his great joy, that a new shadow was grog fro his feet, when he walkedthe sunshe; so that the root t have reaed.

三个星期后，他有了一个相当不错的影子，在他返回北方的旅途中，这个影子继续生长，最后变得非常大，大到他完全可以分出去一半。

After three weeks, he had quite a respectable shadow, which, durg his return jouro northern nds, tio grow, and beca at st se that he ight very well have spared half of it.

当这位学者回到家后，他写了关于这个世界上存在的真、善、美的书籍；就这样，日子和年头过去了 —— 许多许多年。

when this learned an arrived at ho, he wrote books about the true, the good, and the beautiful, which are to be foundthis world; and so days and years passed — any, any years.

一天晚上，当他坐在书房里时，听到轻轻的敲门声。

one eveng, as he sathis study, a very geap was heard at the door.

“进来，” 他说；但是没有人进来。

“e ,” said he; but no one ca.

他打开门，面前站着一个非常消瘦的人，这人的模样让他深感忧虑。

he opehe door, and there stood before hi a an so rearkably th that he felt serioly troubled at his appearance.

然而，他穿着非常得体，看起来像个绅士。

he was, however, very well dressed, and looked like a gentlean.

“请问您是哪位？”他说道。

“to who have I the honor of speakg?” said he.

“啊，我原以为你会认出我来，” 这位优雅的陌生人说；“我收获了很多，我有了肉身，还有衣服穿。

“Ah, I hoped you would reize ,” said the elegant stranger; “I have gaed so uch that I have a body of flesh, and clothes to > 你从没想过会看到我处于这样的状况吧。

You never expected to seesuch a dition.

你难道认不出你的老影子了吗？

do you nnize your old shadow?

啊，你从没想过我会再回到你身边吧。

Ah, you never expected that I should return to you aga.

自从上次和你分别后，我一切顺利；我在各方面都变得富有了，如果我想花钱赎回自由身，我可以轻松做到。”

All has been prospero withsce I was with you st; I have bee ri every way, and, were I ed to purchase y freedo fro service, I uld easily do so.”

他一边说着，一边用手指拨弄着挂在他脖子上粗金表链上的许多昂贵小饰品，发出哗啦哗啦的声音。

And as he spoke he rattled beeen his fgers a nuber of stly tris which hung to a thick gold watch -he wore round his neck.

钻石戒指在他手指上闪闪发光，而且都是真货。

dias sparkled on his fgers, and it was all real.

“我惊得缓不过神来，” 学者说。“这一切是怎么回事？”

“I ot rever fro y astonishnt,” said the learned an.“what does all this an?”

“有点不同寻常，” 影子说；“但你自己就是个非凡的人，而且你很清楚，自从你小时候起，我就一直追随你的脚步。

“Sothg rather unual,” said the shadow; “but you are yourself an unon an, and you know very well that I have followedyour footsteps ever sce your childhood.

一旦你发现我游历够多、可以被单独信任了，我就走自己的路了，而我现在正处于最辉煌的境遇之中。

As soon as you found that I have travelled enough to be trted alone, I went y own way, and I a nowthe ost brilliant circustances.

但我有一种渴望，想在你去世之前再见你一面，而且我想再看看这个地方，因为人总是对自己的出生地有一种眷恋。

but I felt a kd of longg to see you once ore before you die, and I wao see this pce aga, for there is always a gg to the nd of one’s birth.

我知道你现在有了另一个影子；我欠你什么吗？

I know that you have now another shadow; do I owe you anythg?

如果是的话，请好心告诉我是什么。”

If so, have the goodo say what it is.”

“不！真的是你吗？”学者说道。

“No! Is it really you?” said the learned an.

“嗯，这太不寻常了；我从没想过一个人的旧影子能变成人。”

“well, this is ost rearkable; I never supposed it possible that a an’s old shadow uld bee a huan beg.”

“就告诉我我欠你什么，” 影子说，“因为我不想欠任何人的债。”

“Jt tellwhat I owe you,” said the shadow, “for I do not like to be io any an.”

“你怎么能这样说话呢？”学者说。“我们之间怎么会有债务问题呢？”

“howyou talkthat anner?” said the learned an. “what question of debtthere be beeen ?

你和任何人一样自由。

You are as free as any one.

听到你的好运，我非常高兴。

I rejoice exceedgly to hear of yood fortune.

坐下吧，老朋友，给我讲讲这是怎么发生的，以及我们在那些炎热的地方时，你在我对面的房子里看到了什么。”

Sit down, old friend, and tella little of how it happened, and what you sawthe hoe opposite towhile we werethose hot cliates.”

“是的，我会把一切都告诉你，” 影子说着坐了下来；“但是你必须答应我，无论在这个城市的什么地方遇到我，都不要说我曾经是你的影子。

“Yes, I will tell you all about it,” said the shadow, sittg down; “but then you t proiseo tellthis city, wherever you ay et , that I have been your shadow.

我正在考虑结婚，因为我有足够多的钱来养家了。

I a thkg of beg arried, for I have ore than suffit to support a faily.”

“放心吧，” 学者说；“我不会告诉任何人你到底是谁。

“ake yourself quite easy,” said the learned an; “I will tell no one who you really are.

这是我的手 —— 我保证，人与人之间一句话就足够了。

here is y hand, — I proise, and a word is suffit beeen an and an.”

“人和影子之间。” 影子说道，因为他忍不住这样说。

“beeen an and a shadow,” said the shadow; for he uld not help sayg so.

他在外表上变得多么像一个人了，这真的非常不寻常。

It was really ost rearkable how very uch he had bee a anappearance.

他穿着一套非常精致的黑色衣服，锃亮的靴子，戴着一顶歌剧帽，这种帽子可以折叠起来，这样除了帽顶和帽檐，就什么都看不到了，此外还有前面提到过的小饰品、金链子和钻石戒指。

he was dresseda suit of the very fi bck cloth, polished boots, and an opera crh hat, which uld be folded together so that nothg uld be seen but theand the ri, besides the tris, the gold , and the dias already spoken of.

影子实际上穿着非常得体，这让他像个真正的人了。

the shadow was,fact, very well dressed, and this ade a an of hi.

“现在我要告诉你你想知道的事情。” 影子说，他把穿着锃亮皮靴的脚尽可能稳地踩在学者的新影子的手臂上，那新影子像一只卷毛狗似的趴在他脚边。

“Now I will rete to you what you wish to know,” said the shadow, pg his foot with the polished leather boot as firly as possible on the ar of the new shadow of the learned an, which y at his feet like a poodle dog.

他这样做，可能是出于骄傲，或者也许是想让新影子依附于他，但是趴在地上的影子非常安静地躺着，以便能听他讲述，因为它想知道一个影子是如何被它的主人赶走，然后自己变成人的。

this was do ight be fro pride, or perhaps that the new shadow ight g to hi, but the prostrate shadow reaed quite quiet and at rest,order that it ight listen, for it wao know how a shadow uld be sent away by its aster, and bee a an itself.

“你知道吗，” 影子说，“在你对面的房子里住着世界上最光辉的人？那就是诗歌。

“do you know,” said the shadow, “thatthe hoe opposite to you lived the ost glorio creaturethe world? It oetry.

我在那里待了三个星期，感觉却像三千年，因为我读了所有用诗歌或散文写就的作品；而且我可以说实话，我看到和学到了一切。”

I reaihere three weeks, and it was ore like three thoand years, for I read all that has ever been written iry or prose; and I ay say,truth, that I saw a everythg.”

“诗歌！” 学者叫道。

“poetry!” excid the learned an.

“是的，她像隐士一样生活在大城市里。

“Yes, she lives as a herit i cities.

诗歌！嗯，我曾在眼皮沉重得快要睡着的瞬间看到过她一眼。

poetry! well, I saw her once for a very short ont, while sleep weighed down y eyelids.

她像绚丽的北极光一样从阳台上闪现于我眼前，周围环绕着像火焰般的花朵。

She fshed uponfro the baly like the radiant aurora borealis, surrounded with flowers like fs of fire.

告诉我，那天晚上你在阳台上；你穿过那扇门后，看到了什么？

tell , you were on the baly that eveng; you went through the door, and what did you see?”

“我发现自己在一个前厅里。” 影子说。

“I found yselfan ante - roo,” said the shadow.

“你还坐在我对面，往房间里看。

“You still sat opposite to , lookg to the roo.

那里没有灯光，或者至少看起来有些昏暗，因为一整套房间的门都开着，而那些房间里灯火辉煌。

there was no light, or at least it seedpartial darkness, for the door of a whole suite of roos stood open, and they were brilliantly lighted.

如果我自己离那位少女太近的话，那强光会要了我的命，但我很谨慎，不慌不忙，这是每个人都应该做的。”

the bze of light would have killed , had I approached too he aiden yself, but I was cautio, and took ti, which is what every one ought to do.”

“你看到了什么？” 学者问道。

“And what didst thou see?”

asked the learned an.

“我看到了一切，你听我讲。但是 —— 作为一个自由人，拥有我所拥有的知识，还有我的地位，更不用说我的财富了，这真的不是我骄傲 —— 我希望你对我用‘you’而不是‘thou’。”

“I saw everythg, as you shall hear. but — it really is not pride on y part, as a free an and possessg the knowledge that I do, besides y position, not to speak of y wealth — I wish you would say you tostead of thou.”

“对不起。” 学者说；“这是个很难改掉的老习惯。你说得很对；我会尽量注意的。但现在告诉我你看到的一切吧。”

“I beg your pardon,” said the learned an; “it is an old habit, which it is difficult to break. You are quite right; I will try to thk of it. but now telleverythg that you saw.”

“一切。” 影子说；“因为我看到了并且知道一切。”

“Everythg,” said the shadow; “for I saw and know everythg.”

“里面房间的样子是怎样的？” 学者问。

“what was the appearance of the ner roos?”

asked the schor.

“那里像凉爽的树林，还是像神圣的庙宇？那些房间像从高山顶上看到的星空吗？”

“was it there like a ol grove, or like a holy teple? were the chabers like a starry sky seen fro theof a high ounta?”

“你描述的那些都有，” 影子说，“但我没有完全进去 —— 我待在前厅的昏暗中 —— 但我的位置很好 —— 我能看到和听到诗歌殿堂里发生的一切。”

“It was all that you describe,” said the shadow; “but I did not go quite— I reaed iwilight of the ante - roo — but I wasa very good position, — I uld see and hear all that was gog onthe urt of poetry.”

“但你看到了什么？古代的神灵是否穿过那些房间？昔日的英雄是否再次征战？是否有可爱的孩子在玩耍，讲述着他们的梦境？”

“but what did you see? did the gods of ais pass through the roos? did old heroes fight their battles aihere lovely children at py, who reted their dreas?”

“我告诉你我去过那里，所以你可以确定我看到了所有能看到的东西。

“I tell you I have been there, and therefore you ay be sure that I saw everythg that was to be seen.

如果你去了那里，你就不会再是一个凡人了，而我却变成了人；就在那一刻，我意识到了自己的内在本质，我与诗歌本质与生俱来的亲和力。

If you had gohere, you would not have reaed a huan beg, whereas I bee; and at the sa ont I beca aware of y ner beg, y born affity to the nature of poetry.

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