第4章 卖火柴的小女孩 The Little Match－Seller（1/2）
《卖火柴的小女孩》，1846 年
the Little atch-Seller, 1846
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《卖火柴的小女孩》（在奥古斯滕堡公爵处逗留长达一个月期间创作）的灵感源于安徒生从一本历书编辑那里收到的插图，编辑请求他根据其中一幅写一个故事。
\"the Little atch Girl\" (written durg a onth - long stay with the duke of Augtenb) ired by ilstrations Andersen received fro the editor of an alanac, with the request that he write a story about one of the.
有一幅由丹麦画家约翰?托马斯?伦德比所画的图像，画的是一个卖火柴的女孩。
one iage, pated by the danish artist Johan thoas Lundbye, showed a girl sellg atches.
这幅画通过出现在 1843 年的一本日历上而广为人知，日历上的标题是 “施予时请行善”。
It had been popurized through its appearan an 1843 dar with the caption, “do good when you give.”
“当我在格洛鲁普的时候，” 安徒生后来在他的旅行日记中回忆道，“在这个奢华富足的时期，一个出版商寄来了三幅木刻画，让我挑出一幅并围绕它写一个小故事。
“while I was at Glorup,“ Andersen ter recalledhis travel diaries, “ this ti of xury and plenty, a publisher sent three woodcuts askio pick out one and write a little story around it.
我选择了一个描绘贫穷和匮乏的场景，一个衣衫褴褛、手拿几根火柴的小女孩 ——《卖火柴的小女孩》—— 奥古斯滕堡的我们的生活和她的世界之间的反差。”
I chose a se that depicted poverty and deprivation, a ragged little girl with a handful of atches—‘the Little atch - girl’—the trast beeen our life at Augtenb and her world”.
很少有儿童故事像《卖火柴的小女孩》这样饱含激情地展现苦难，一代又一代的孩子都钦佩她，并为她的死亡而哭泣。
Few children’s stories celebrate sufferg with the kd of passiht to the tale of the atch - seller, and geions of children have adired her a over her death.
这个在新年前夜冻死的瘦弱流浪儿已经成为一种文化偶像。
the frail waif who freezes to death on New Year’s Eve has bee sothg of a cultural i.
她是一个残忍的父亲（比童话故事中的食人魔还要残忍得多）和一个无情的社会的受害者；
She is the victi of a brutal father (far ore cruel than the ogres of fairy tales) and of a heartless social world;
甚至大自然也背弃了她，既不提供庇护也不给予食物。
even nature turns its ba her,her shelter nor stenance.
童话故事中的魔法消失了，救援仅仅以神的干预这种形式到来。
the fairy - tale agic is absent, and rescue es onlythe for of diviervention.
讲述卖火柴小女孩故事的叙述者把我们带入女主人公的精神世界，让我们在气温下降、寒风呼啸时感受到她的痛苦。
the narrator of the atch girl’s story takesto the heroe’s ntal world, allogto feel her pa as the teperature drops and the d howls.
我们也能体会到她的幻想，首先是温暖，接着是食物、美丽，最后是人间的喜爱和同情。
we also share her visions, first of warth, then of nourishnt, beauty, and fally huan affe and passion.
如果故事的最后画面呈现给我们的是一具冻僵的尸体，这个卖火柴的小女孩的死亡仍然是一种 “美丽的死亡”，是闪耀着灵性和超凡意义的所在。
If the fal iage of the stivesa frozen rpse, the little atch girl’s death is still a “beautiful death,” the site of radiant spirituality and tra ang.
无论我们将她的苦难解读为 “伪装成虔诚的折磨”（就像 p.L. 特拉弗斯所做的那样），还是认为她的悲惨境遇是升入更高境界的先决条件，这个故事仍然是童年最令人难忘的故事之一，并且萦绕在我们的文化想象之中。
whether we read her suffergs as “tortures, disguised as pieties” (as did p.L.travers) or sider her wretess as the predition for transtion to a higher sphere, the story reas one of the ost orable stories of childhood and haunts our cultural iagation.
许多人会认同，一本优秀儿童读物的一个必要条件是主人公的胜利。
any will agree that the one requirent food children’s book is the triuph of the protagonist.
在过去的一个世纪里，《卖火柴的小女孩》中的死亡场景被多次改编和重写，最着名的是 1944 年的一个美国版本，它在护封上宣称：
the death se“the Little atch Girl” has been adapted aten any tis over the st tury, ost notablyan Ari edition of 1944 that procid on its dt jacket:
“孩子们会满怀欣喜地阅读这个着名的汉斯?克里斯蒂安?安徒生故事的新版本。
“children will read with delight this new version of the fao hans christian Andersen tale.
因为在这个版本中，那个很久以前的平安夜的卖火柴的小女孩没有死于严寒，而是找到了温暖、欢乐和一个可爱的家，从此过上了幸福的生活。”
Forit, the little atch girl on that long ago christas Eve does not perish fro the bitter ld, but fds warth and cheer and a lovely ho where she lives happily ever after.”
安徒生在社会动荡和政治剧变的十年间创作了这个故事，毫无疑问，他会对这个原本旨在有力批判经济不平等的故事出现的社会救赎性转变感到痛心。
Andersen wrote this story durg a decade of social u and political upheaval, and would no doubt have been distressed by the socially redeptive turna story that was tended as a powerful critique of eiequities.
一本近期的自助书籍讲述了一位女性的经历，她童年最喜欢的故事是《卖火柴的小女孩》：
A ret self - help book reports the experience of a woan whose favorite childhood story was “the Little atch Girl”:
“当我们问起她这件事时，她解释说，当卖火柴的小女孩点燃一根火柴时，那微小的火焰在她眼中变成了熊熊燃烧的圣诞炉火，周围有礼物、朋友和食物。
“when we asked her about it, she expihat, whetle atch girl lit a atch, the ty f beca for her a r christas fire with gifts, friends and food around.
这也是她最深切的愿望。”
this was also her deepest desire”.
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旧年的最后一个夜晚，天气非常寒冷，天几乎黑了，雪下得很大。
It was terribly ld and nearly dark o eveng of the old year, and the snow was fallg fast.
在寒冷和黑暗中，一个可怜的小女孩，光着头赤着脚在街上徘徊。
In the ld and the darkness, a poor little girl, with bare head and naked feet, road through the streets.
她离开家的时候确实穿着一双拖鞋，但它们没什么用。
It is true she had on a pair of slippers when she left ho, but they were not of uch e.
拖鞋很大，非常大，实际上，那是她妈妈穿过的，这个可怜的小家伙在跑过马路去躲避两辆疾驰的马车时把拖鞋弄丢了。
they were very rge, se, ihat they had beloo her other, and the poor little creature had lost therunng across the street to avoid es that were rollg along at a terrible rate.
她找不到其中一只拖鞋了，一个男孩捡起另一只就跑了，还说等他自己有了孩子，可以把这只拖鞋当摇篮用。
one of the slippers she uld not fd, and a boy seized upoher and ran away with it, sayg that he uld e it as a cradle, when he had children of his own.
于是小女孩就光着她的小脚继续走，小脚被冻得又红又青。
So the little girl went on with her little naked feet, which were quite red ah the ld.
她在一条旧围裙里装着许多火柴，手里还拿着一捆。
In an old apron she carried a nuber of atches, and had a bundle of theher hands.
一整天都没有人买她的东西，甚至没有一个人给她一个便士。
No one had bought anythg of her the whole day, nor had any one given here even a penny.
她又冷又饿，哆哆嗦嗦地向前挪动；
Shiverg with ld and hunger, she crept along;
可怜的孩子，她看上去一副悲惨的样子。
poor little child, she looked the picture of isery.
雪花落在她那长长的金发上，金发卷曲地披在她的肩上，但她并没有在意。
the snowfkes fell on her long, fair hair, which hungcurls on her shoulders, but she regarded the not.
每扇窗户都透出灯光，还飘出烤鹅诱人的香味，因为这是新年前夜 —— 是的，她记得这个。
Lights were shg fro every dow, and there was a savory sll of roast goose, for it was New - year’s eve — yes, she rebered that.
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